Imikhiqizo
I-Diethyl Maleate
Ifomula Yesakhiwo
Izakhiwo Zomzimba
Ukubukeka: uketshezi olukhanyayo olungenambala
Ukuminyana: 1.064 g/mL ku-25 °C (lit.)
Iphuzu lokuncibilika: -10 °C (lit.)
Indawo yokubilisa: 225 °C (lit.)
Ukuminyana komhwamuko:5.93 (vs air)
Ukucindezela komhwamuko:1mm Hg (14°C)
I-Refractivity:n20/D 1.441 (lit.)
I-Flash Point: 200°F
Idatha Yezokuphepha
Kungokwempahla evamile
Ikhodi yangokwezifiso: 2917190090
Isilinganiso Sokubuyiselwa Kwentela Yokuthekelisa(%):9%
Isicelo
Isetshenziswa njengesibulala-zinambuzane esiphakathi ekulungiseni i-malathion, isibulala-zinambuzane se-organophosphorus, kanye nesithako esimaphakathi somuthi, amakha kanye nekhwalithi yamanzi (i-organic polycarboxylic acid phosphonic acid compound).Ingasetshenziswa futhi njenge-solvent ye-resin ne-nitrocellulose, i-plasticizer, i-organic synthesis, i-insecticide, i-polymer monomer kanye nomsizi wepulasitiki.
Izakhiwo nokuzinza
Izinzile ekamelweni lokushisa nokucindezela.Izinto ezivinjelwe: ama-oxidizing agents, ama-reduction agents, ama-acids, izisekelo.Ungashiswa, unake umthombo womlilo lapho usebenzisa futhi ugcina.Vimbela ukuhogela komhwamuko futhi ugweme ukuthintana nesikhumba.
Indlela yokugcina
Gcina endaweni epholile, eyomile futhi engenawo umoya.Naka umthombo womlilo lapho usebenzisa futhi ugcina.
Indlela yokuhlanganisa
1. Ikhiqizwa nge-esterification ye-maleic anhydride ne-ethanol lapho kukhona i-sulfuric acid;ingatholakala futhi ngokuguqulwa kokushintshanisa nge-cation exchange resin njenge-catalyst.Okuqukethwe kwe-diethyl maleate emkhiqizweni wezimboni ngu-≥98%, futhi ithani ngalinye lomkhiqizo lidla u-585kg we-maleic anhydride (95%) kanye no-604kg we-ethanol (95%).
2. Indlela yayo yokulungiselela yenziwa ngokuyinhloko nge-esterification ye-maleic anhydride ne-ethanol lapho kukhona i-sulfuric acid.Le nqubo inezinhlobo ezimbili zokucindezela komkhathi ne-benzene esterification kanye nengcindezi engemihle ngaphandle kwe-benzene esterification.
(1) Umfutho womkhathi one-benzene esterification
Engeza inani elithile le-benzene ne-ethanol ebhodweni le-esterification reaction, faka i-maleic anhydride, engeza i-sulfuric acid dropwise egxilile ngaphansi kokunyakaziswa, ukushisa ngesitimu esifakwe ibhantshi, futhi wenze ama-reactants abhekane ne-esterification reaction cishe ku-75℃.Amanzi akhiqiziwe asuswa yi-ternary azeotropic distillation nge-benzene ne-ethanol, futhi ungqimba olungaphezulu lwe-benzene ne-ethanol liquid luphinde lufakwe ebhodweni lokusabela.Cishe 13 ~ 14h kamuva, lapho izinga lokushisa distillation umbhoshongo ikhuphuka 68.2 ℃, isihlukanisi izinga eliphansi lamanzi alisakhuphuki, okubonisa ukuthi wonke amanzi ebhodweni yokusabela ahwamukile, ukusabela esterification sekuphelile.Misa i-reflux, qhubeka nokugcotshwa kwe-distillation kuye ku-95-100 ℃, ukucwiliswa kwe-benzene ne-ethanol.Phola uze ufike cishe ku-50℃, nciphisa ngesisombululo se-aqueous sodium carbonate esingu-5%, geza ngamanzi bese ukhipha i-benzene esele ne-ethanol ngaphansi kwevacuum ukuze uthole umkhiqizo we-diethyl maleic acid.
(2) Umfutho ongemuhle we-benzene-free esterification
I-Esterification ye-anhydride ye-maleic ne-ethanol ngaphansi kwesenzo se-sulfuric acid yenziwa ngaphansi kwe-vacuum ethile kanye nezinga lokushisa ukuze kukhishwe i-ethanol namanzi akhiqizwa ukusabela esimweni segesi, bese i-ethanol ihlukaniswa ngekholomu ye-fractionation ukuze i-reflux. i-esterification, ukuze ukusabela kuvame ukuphelela.Le ndlela inganciphisa umjikelezo wokusabela, ithuthukise isivuno kanye nekhwalithi yomkhiqizo, ithuthukise indawo yokusebenza, izitshalo eziningi zokukhiqiza zasekhaya zisebenzisa le ndlela.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-cation exchange resin ingasetshenziswa futhi njenge-catalyst yokuguqulwa kokushintshanisa ukukhiqiza i-diethyl maleic acid.
Indlela yokucwenga: ukugeza nge-dilute potassium carbonate solution, ukomisa nge-anhydrous potassium carbonate noma i-sodium sulfate kanye ne-distillation ngaphansi kwengcindezi encishisiwe.
